『壹』 比特币崩盘，币圈一夜蒸发超3000亿，会带来哪些影响

引发市场震动的还有加密货币市场第三大稳定币UST及其姊妹货币Luna惨遭血洗。截至发稿，本应锚定1美元价值的UST价格跌至0.131美元，跌幅高达84.1%；其姊妹货币Luna跌至0.038美元，暴跌97.46%，而4月5日该虚拟货币还曾站上119.5美元的高点。

『贰』 货殖列传｜95后比特币矿场主的蓝用房地产逻辑经营矿场

【编者按】

《史记·货殖列传》是最早专门记叙从事“货殖”（商业）活动的杰出人物的史书著作，司马迁阐释的经世济民的经济思想和商业智慧，被誉为“ 历史 思想及于经济，是书盖为创举”。

新一轮 科技 革命和产业变革正在重塑世界经济结构、重构全球创新版图。在这场大变局中，所有勇于创新、敢于担当的企业家、创业者、打工人的故事，都值得被铭记。即日起，我们推出《澎湃 财经 人物周刊·货殖列传》，讲述全球化时代大潮中的商界人物故事。

他们为时代立传，我们为他们立传。

成都郊区的一处会所里，一场比特币“矿圈”的小饭局正在开场。

坐在主位的大田是一名“95后”，圆圆脸，穿着印有哆啦A梦的Gucci T恤，脚上是一双潮鞋。

“都是我的朋友”，大田高兴地说道。

在座的8个人或多或少都与比特币挖矿有关。时下价格约6万美元的比特币，正是通过“矿机”凭借算力抢夺记账权后被一个个挖出来的。购买矿机的挖矿者叫做“矿工”，帮“矿工”托管矿机并提供电力的地方称为“矿场”，矿场的老板就是“矿场主”了。

大田就是一个矿场主，在四川、新疆、云南等地拥有七八个虚拟货币矿场，总负荷超过80多万千瓦，规模在国内算比较大。

在这场饭局中，大田年龄最小，但大家叫他“大田哥”。他也被一些年纪稍长的矿工私下称为“矿圈新贵”。

“麻烦给我换个绿色的打火机，红色对我们来说不太吉利。”饭局中有位矿场主对服务员提供的打火机颜色不是很满意。在加密货币市场，绿色才代表上涨，红色则代表下跌。

去年以来，比特币迎来了一轮大牛市，最大涨幅超过10倍。对矿圈人士来说，当下正是春风得意时。像这样的饭局，几乎每天都在上演，而大田在其中如鱼得水。

（一）热气升腾

比特币挖矿最重要的成本就是电费，因此矿场首选电力资源充足而电费便宜的地区。四川水力资源丰富，是目前中国最重要的比特币矿场集中地。

拥有小算力矿机的矿工有时也被称作候鸟，在南方枯水期来临时，他们把矿机拆下来运到内蒙古、新疆等地使用火电来挖矿；当南方丰水期到来后，又将矿机运到南方来利用水电挖矿。如此往复，一年又一年。

今年2月发生了一条震动矿圈的新闻。内蒙古发改委官网发文称，为了加快淘汰化解落后和过剩产能，拟全面清理关停虚拟货币挖矿项目，4月底前全部退出。

内蒙古煤炭资源丰富火电相对便宜，因此，内蒙古也是四川进入枯水期后，比特币矿场的重要集中地之一。

在大家开始讨论下一个枯水期何处去时，大田相对淡定，他在内蒙古的矿场已在去年关了。

厂房里的隔离墙根据矿机大小整整齐齐地剪开了密密麻麻的散热孔，屋顶则装满了排风扇。为给矿机降温，在厂房的外侧还建有“水帘”，摸上去有硬纸般的粗糙感。在矿机工作时，工作人员便会打开机器，抽取消防水池的水让其从水帘流下，达到降温的目的。

当前空荡荡的厂房内部，两侧是剪开的矿机散热孔

厂房两侧是水帘，用于物理降温

大田的矿场人员配置一般是：一个场长，一个主管（也可以理解为副场长），每1万千瓦负荷配一个电工、4个运维。大田七八个矿场的场长都由其亲戚担任。场长负责整个矿场的管理调度，包括跟电站打交道。

矿场人员简易的工作环境

“原来对电没有概念，后来发现电费如果是一度电2毛钱，挖矿收益就可以提升一倍”，大田说。其实对大田这样的矿场主来说，主要收益就是赚取电费差。

比如矿场的电费是0.2元，它可以向矿工收取0.3元的电费。对于矿工来说，0.3元的电费相对于城里的0.6元还是很便宜的，因此他们愿意将矿机托管给矿场。

（二）校园矿工

今年26岁的大田出生于山东菏泽下面的一个小县城，父母都从医。他从初中、高中开始就想着怎么赚钱，而挖矿的 历史 可以追溯到他的大学时期。

大田中学时期的赚钱项目包括为别人充值QQ会员，买黄钻、绿钻、红钻，卖充电宝、手机卡，倒卖手机等等。

在一家985高校就读时期，大田也曾在学校试着开超市，与同学合伙做 “宿舍便利店”创业项目，一度融资到B+轮。

大田自称，在大学期间已“小有积蓄”。

他接触比特币还是因为有一位朋友向他借钱。那是2014年，这位朋友开口要借50000元，并保证一周后还55000元，周息10%。

在电脑、电动车、身份证的抵押下，大田最终借给他30000元，一周后果然收到了连本带息的33000元。

原来他朋友入了一个国际传销资金盘，只收取比特币入盘。大田也想入盘试试。

于是，在比特币还是800元、900元的时候，大田买了20多万元的比特币，但还没开始投入，该传销资金盘就崩盘了。

“我手上就留了一堆比特币也不知道卖给谁。”大田一度认栽。出乎意料的是，两三个月后，比特币竟然涨至2000多元，他和朋友反复确认后赶紧转手卖出。

就这样莫名其妙进入“币圈”，大田开始认真研究起了比特币，包括白皮书、论坛，不懂就上论坛搜攻略。到最后，大田还组装了一台矿机。

“那个时候到处抱着机器，去自习室插上电，回宿舍也插一会儿。”大田说。彼时，市场上矿机很少，全网算力也比较低，大田一个月也有一两千元可赚。

2017年，大田成为青岛一家知名企业的管培生。出于对区块链领域的了解，他在集团内部与人合伙创建了区块链方面的小微企业，也由此认识了一家云南虚拟货币矿场的矿场主。

起初，他买了一些矿机托管在云南的矿场里。后来大田认识了马鞍山的一位矿场主后，发现矿场收益不错，双方成为了合作伙伴。

大田的挖矿生涯算是正式开启了。

（三）刀口舔血

每一个矿场主的职业生涯可能都是从找电开始的，一路上可能还会面临很多危险时刻。

2018年中，大田与合作伙伴前往四川考察矿场。所谓考察矿场，主要就是前往“穷山恶水”中，找到愿意合作的水电站。这些地方在丰水期，也极容易发生地质灾害。

那时正值雨天，考察完四川的一个矿场后，大田和伙伴急匆匆沿着盘山公路驱车往回赶。由于急着下山，大田逆行驶到了上山的车道，结果在某个拐弯处迎面撞上了一辆大货车。

“车直接原地转了三个圈，安全气囊都出来了，就差这么多就掉山底下去了。”大田伸手比划了20厘米的距离，直到现在还心有余悸。

所幸的是，大货车是空的，车体没装货，因此大田的车所受作用力没那么大，从而避免了摔下山的悲剧。

这样的险境大田不止碰到一次。例如有一次赶往云南的路上差点120迈撞上塌方的石头，例如泥石流就在眼前冲毁了公路……

道路一侧的泥石流痕迹

大田在考察过程中，还遇到一个难题，就是大多数水电站的人不知道比特币挖矿是干嘛的，以为他们是骗子。

不过，当先吃螃蟹的电站赚到钱之后，越来越多的电站愿意与矿场合作。

在矿场运营过程中，大田也曾遇到过令其哭笑不得的窘境。

那是在云南的一个小山村，大田的矿场雇了两个当地人看门。由于看门的当地人总说他们在“挖矿”，忽然有一天，一群村民冲进了矿场，愤怒地指责大田在偷挖村里的矿。

大田解释称，他们挖的是比特币，但村民并不理解也不想管，只是表示“反正在我们村挖的，就是要分我们一份”。于是，大田让村民派几个代表进矿场查看。

“他们还拿着锄头在地上戳来戳去，想要找出地上是否有个矿洞，怎么也解释不通”。他无奈说道。

报警后，当地公安局的民警也不懂虚拟货币挖矿是怎么回事，大田他们用了一天的时间让民警明白，他们挖的“矿”是虚拟的，并没挖村里的“矿”。

“后来达成协议，每户每家50块钱一个月，估计到现在也是这样的。”他说。

（四）血亏2000多万

大田的真正危机发生在2020年。

这一年年初，大田的矿机开始陆陆续续运到了位于内蒙古人烟稀少处的一个新矿场。那是半年前，他经朋友介绍开始建造的，总负荷不到6万千瓦，投资了1800多万元。

之所以来此处建矿场，还与一项电费补贴有关。在招商时，大田的这个矿场按照云计算中心、大数据存储中心的形式引进，因此可以获得每度电0.12元的补贴，即电价0.38元，加上补贴返还0.12元后，实际电费0.26元。

令大田没想到的是，矿场运营的第一天晚上就出事了：由于施工偷工减料，变压器功耗太大发生爆炸。

检修了大半个月后，电缆又炸了。好不容易矿机开始运行，紧接着而来的是蔓延全国的新冠肺炎疫情。

全国各地都实行了封锁政策，大田的矿场留了四个值班的人。冰天雪地里，饥饿、缺水，是摆在这四人面前的头等大事。

内蒙古的冬季，室外温度最低可至零下几十度，工人们只能靠在水缸里每天砸冰获得水源。由于矿场处于人烟稀少地区，当地社区防疫人员只是偶尔巡视，巡视时往车内狭小的空间里塞箱泡面带给矿场值班工人。

“他们吃了同种口味的泡面整整一个月。”大田苦笑着回忆道。

另外，由于其他回乡的工人被封在老家，留下来值班的四个人的工作量陡然上升。

“4个人3万多台机器，每个人就要负责近1万台，如果矿机太冷容易掉线。那个时候零下40多度，需要人工拿鼓风机一台台吹。”大田说。

熬过封城期，以为可以正常运转的大田却等来一则通知：电费补贴无法审批通过，大田仍需按照0.38元一度的电费缴纳。

祸不单行。

新冠疫情外加原油价格大战，比特币价格也遭遇滑铁卢。2020年3月12日，比特币一度跌破4000美元，较2月最高价已是腰斩。

“币价8000美元的时候能保证不亏钱，3月12日的时候就扛不住了，绝望了，赶紧打电话让兄弟把变压器拆了把矿机发回来，电费0.26元我都跑不起来。”大田回忆道。

矿机从内蒙古的矿场拆运回来，意味着这段时间矿机无法运营，大田就需要赔给客户算力。

“以当时0.34元、0.35元的电费，每跑一度电要倒贴3分钱，跑得越多亏得越多。”大田说道，这一次，他来回亏了2000多万元。

（五）因祸得福

去年上半年，比特币价格一度还跌破了一些矿机的“关机币价”。

所谓矿机“关机币价”，是指矿机挖矿的收益不足以支付消耗的电费。一旦比特币价格跌破“关机币价”，矿工需要关闭矿机，否则亏损更大。

最严重的时候，大田所有的矿场中60%的矿机都关机了，只剩下大功耗的大算力机器仍在运行。好在比特币急剧下跌后，出现了反弹。

“其实没关几天，矿场本身算力是个平衡状态，大部分人关机，算力难度就会下降，挖的币就会越多，收益就越多，然后就会开机了。”大田说道。

像大田这样的矿场主与矿工还是两种不同的收益模式。做矿场是赚电费差，无论币价的涨跌，可以赚取一个相对稳定的收益。但是，如果矿工们不看好后市，不增加矿机甚至减少矿机，那么矿场的生意也会淡下去。

去年5月，比特币四年一度的减半时刻来临，矿工挖出的每个区块中比特币奖励数量由12.5个比特币下降至6.25个比特币，这意味着矿机的收入也随之减半。那时，币价为5000多美元。

“5月丰水期很多人对行情很失望，大家觉得涨到5000美元，是一个反弹就跑的状态。机器没人买，大家都在卖机器，都觉得比特币反弹到6000美元已经很高了。”大田说。

作为矿场主，大田也曾想过退出，但他与水电站签了合同，必须在年内承接原本签订的负荷才能退。

因此，他只能咬着牙买矿机自己填负荷，“很多差了一两万千瓦负荷”。好在那时大家都在卖矿机，所以大田买入的矿机成本很低。

比特币行情在去年下半年彻底反转，启动了一波超级大牛市。

回忆起这些，大田笑称自己是被动致富：“我买了很多芯动矿机T2T，那时候蚂蚁矿机S9是200元买的，现在1500元。T2T 700多元，现在8000元。神马矿机M21那个时候一台3000多元，现在2万多元。”

蚂蚁矿机S9

2020年5月至今，矿机平均价格几乎涨了10倍。而大田的矿场在2020年1T（算力单位，是比特币网络处理能力的度量单位）的收益是0.5元、0.6元，现在1T的收益能达到2元。

（六）去接管三线矿场

一轮牛市下来，挖矿行业也出现了新趋势，一些机构也做起了矿工。

在进入挖矿行业早期，大田的客户全是散户，一个客户需要托管的矿机基本在10台以内，少的也就5台左右。

随着比特币日渐进入主流视野，越来越多的机构资金开始进入矿圈，并在现如今的比特币牛市下垄断了市场上新制造的绝大部分矿机。

“我现在不接纯粹的散户。”大田表示，目前在虚拟货币挖矿行业投100万也就十几台机器，对他来说是“散中之散”。

截至目前，大田矿场80多万千瓦的负荷，自有矿机占2万多千瓦，60%-70%体量为上市公司、集团托管的矿机，剩下的负荷则对接一些云算力平台，集中散户托管。

值得注意的是，在2020年下半年以来，传统融资租赁公司也开始进入矿机市场。

大田的矿场也在扩大，新疆的矿场刚刚建设完成，四川的一个矿场丰水期之前可能还要再扩10万千瓦负荷。在矿机上，他逐渐把小算力机器淘汰，换成大算力机器。不过，目前市场上矿机难买，他预订的矿机11月才能发货。

在厂房外，仍可以运行的小算力蚂蚁矿机S9随意堆放着

随着加密货币市场的扩大，原本野蛮生长的矿圈也开始逐渐走向垂直领域细分，走向精细化。

大田也在 探索 矿场新的商业模式，“像房地产的逻辑一样发展”。

在大田看来，矿场的第一个阶段是“只要有关系，就能拿地”，拿到地就能赚钱。第二个阶段是矿场建设越好、越美观，招商能力越强。第三是发展阶段，比拼的是管理能力和品牌，矿机主买服务，而不是买电费。

“所以我现在要做一个矿场一站式服务，去接管三线矿场，就是那种可能运营不是特别专业的矿场。” 大田兴奋地说起自己的蓝图，“我来给你接管，可以用我的品牌去招商，但是要重新翻修一遍。这些矿场自己招商0.2元左右的电费，我给你招0.24元，拿30%收益分给我一点都不亏。”

内蒙古宣布清退虚拟货币挖矿后，《自然通讯》（Nature Communications）4月6日刊发了一篇来自中国科学院、清华大学学者的研究论文。论文称，中国的矿工占比特币网络算力的75%以上，如果没有适当的干预措施和可行的政策，密集的比特币挖矿将可能破坏中国的减排努力。

“挖矿终究来讲还是要用能源的边角料。绿色挖矿肯定是趋势。”他说道。

校对：刘威

『叁』 区块链将会对货币等产生什么影响

在如今的互联网上，最常听到的一个词语就是区块链，区块链的技术现在已经成了一个互联网的大风口，很多互联网大佬都开始研究区块链，都在利用区块链，区块链中最有名的产品就是比特币。而我们国家是不承认比特币这种东西有价值，也就是说在我们国家比特币是完全没有价值的一种东西，所以对货币造成什么影响，但对世界就不一样了。区块链产品对于世界货币的影响非常大，就拿比特币来说，2020年就多次暴涨，对于货币的冲击也是非常大的。

三、区块链产品会导致货币价值发生变化

区块链产品由于它的特殊性会导致越来越稀缺，世界上区块链产品都存有量是有限的，而且开发难度非常大，所以，区块链产品的价值就会不断的升值。相对于区块链产品衡量它价值的货币单位就会不断的贬值，最终对货币的价值产生影响。

『肆』 谁能说下，区块链交易挖矿会亏钱吗

亏钱是任何情况下都是有可能出现的现场，这个世界没有百分百能够确认能够挣钱的投资。

随着比特币价格的上涨，挖矿业成为了名副其实的“金矿”，新人和散户的大量涌入，使得市场上

的比特币矿机一机难求。

也正是在这样的行情面前，比特币矿机的价格也开始高涨了起来，不仅如此，因为比特币数量越来

越稀少，所以挖矿的难度越来越大，现在比特币挖矿的产能也会逐渐减少。

当矿机收益不足以支付消耗的电费时，这时候的币价称为“关机币价”，影响因素包括币价、用电

价格、挖矿难度等等，如果币价跌破“关机币价”，矿工需要将矿机关闭，否则就会亏损。

所以说，任何一个行业都是有着一定的风险，而只有当你投身于这个行业的时候，也就是你深入了

解之后，你才会知道其中存在的风险，而你需要承担好这些风险，你才能继续在这个行业发展去。

区块链挖矿：

2009年中本聪发明比特币，并且设定了比特币只有2100万个，加入到比特币网络中，通过参与到区

块的生产中，提供工作量证明（PoW），即可获得比特币网络的奖励。这个过程即是挖矿。

“挖矿”的概念取自于我们现实经济生活中已有的概念，黄金挖矿、白银挖矿等，因为矿物是有价

值的，所以才驱使人们去付出劳动力来挖。

比特币挖矿还有一个重要的点是因为参与挖矿的矿工认可比特币的价值，他们挖矿挖到的比特币市

场上有人愿意花钱。所以，比特币的挖矿是有意义的。

『伍』 数字货币挖矿风云如何

“一币一别墅”的财富神话依然在币圈里广为流传，不断有新的投资者跃跃欲试。但其实，从矿机厂商到大矿场主，再到矿池，这个小圈子已经形成了一个稳定的权力结构。

制售矿机、挖矿、建矿场、搭矿池，“矿圈”成为区块链世界里另外一条发财之路，矿机也成为一门鲜为人知的“大生意”。

按照比特币发明者中本聪的设想，理想的状态应该是“去中心化”的，算力分散在全球各地。但是，与去中心化背道而驰，矿池是绝对的中心化，越来越多的矿机接入到矿池里。

本文首发于南方周末

“如果说炒币是一条不归路，那么投资矿机就是一笔稳赚不赔的生意，回收成本只是时间问题。”深圳爱播时代科技有限公司总经理钟熙算了一笔账，一台矿机每天200元收益，120天可以回本，之后就是利润了。

2017年10月，钟熙在主业之余，加入了挖矿大军，并迅速成为矿圈大佬，他在江西、四川、贵州等地运营着多个大矿场。

其实这个“稳赚不赔”的生意仍然依赖于币价的持续高涨。过去两个月时间，比特币币价从15000美元跌到了10000美元左右，甚至一度跌破6000美元，使得矿机回本周期延长，如果一直跌下去，盈利也就遥遥无期了。

在比特币问世4年之后，也就是2012年，可以量产的矿机才出现。在此之前，挖矿主要是私人行为，家用电脑就可完成。“那时，家用电脑就是印钞机，每天都能挖出不少比特币。”资深数字货币玩家、早年卖过矿机的黄世亮向南方周末记者回忆。

矿机出现后，挖矿开始“社会化”，出现了矿场和矿池，挖矿成为一件集体工作。单独的矿机被矿场托管，就像生产线上的工人，只要摆在那里，就可以每天领薪水。

制售矿机、挖矿、建矿场、搭矿池，“矿圈”成为区块链世界里另外一条发财之路，矿机也成为一门鲜为人知的“大生意”。

中国则成为全球最大的矿机生产地。从2012年开始，在中国诞生了一批矿机生产商，如生产烤猫矿机的深圳比特泉有限公司，还有现在赫赫有名的比特大陆、嘉楠耘智和亿邦通信。在深圳华强北，到处也都可以看到外国人带着翻译询问矿机价格。

近期，比特大陆CEO詹克团在接受媒体采访时称，这个成立仅4年的创业公司，2017年的营收规模约25亿美元。比特大陆号称全球最大的矿机生产商，他们的蚂蚁矿机一直都是币圈和矿工世界的硬通货。

与币圈一样，矿圈也需要信仰——要坚信矿机每天机械地数学运算能够创造巨大财富。

不过，与比特币所宣扬的“去中心化”背道而驰，矿工的世界正在走向“中心化”。矿机销售商自己建矿场，投资者买完矿机之后，又被销售商托管；而生产商则自己建矿池，又将矿场给管起来。

这种“中心化”的过程，使得矿圈的财富被少数人攫取，钟熙要想进入到核心圈子，也并不容易。

算力“中心化”

矿场的主要作用，是给分散的矿机提供一个运转的地方。但真正起到整合作用的则是“矿池”。

所谓“矿池”，可以简单理解为“合作挖矿”。矿工和矿场们，把算力交给矿池，由矿池作为唯一的地址，来接入数字货币网络进行挖矿，再按照矿机的算力，给矿工分发红利。

矿池的历史要比矿机更悠久。2010年11月，名为Slush的矿池出现，它的官网在今天还写着是“世界上首个矿池“，这个称号也被币圈所公认。与矿场相比，矿池的搭建需要一定的技术，门槛相对更高。

国内一家知名矿池的负责人向南方周末记者解释矿池的原理。他把挖矿比作买彩票，一个人挖，中奖的概率很不稳定，可能今天中了10万，以后半年都不中。

“把买彩票的人聚到一起，统一买，无论谁中，根据出钱比例来分成。在币圈，矿池就发挥这个作用。”该负责人说。

矿机连接矿池并不复杂，根据各大矿池的操作指南，一般只要几步就可完成，然后就根据自己提供的算力，从矿池获得收益。矿机就像一个站在生产线上的工人，每天领取固定的薪水。

掌握巨大算力和众多矿机的矿池，在币圈和矿圈都有着绝对的发言权。比如，如果要发行新的数字货币，或者要主导比特币分叉，一般要获得矿池的支持，没有矿池的支持，新币种没人挖，也就没有了意义。

此外，当一个抢手的新币面世时，矿池也可以利用自己所掌握的矿工，快速打包，在这些新币的抢购中占得先机。

2017年6月份，SNT和EOS两大代币发行时，南方周末记者就见证了矿池抢购代币的场景。由于投资者太多，很多个人投资者无法将资金打入到指定位置，但一家矿池的负责人，就可以轻而易举地完成这一操作。

按照比特币发明者中本聪的设想，理想的状态应该是“去中心化”的，算力分散在全球各地。但是，与去中心化背道而驰，矿池是绝对的中心化，越来越多的矿机接入到矿池里。

2018年1月18日，康奈尔大学计算机教授埃敏·允·西拉什等5人合著一篇论文，直指两大数字货币比特币和以太坊背后存在隐性的权力结构，挖矿过于集中，其中比特币50%的算力被四大矿池所控制。

其实，这个问题一直存在。4年前，以太坊创始人Vtalik在写以太坊白皮书时就注意到了这个问题，他写道：“这个问题可以说很严重，在本文写作时，最大的两个矿池，间接地控制了大约全网50%的算力。”

直到今天，这个问题也没能解决。一位以太坊白皮书的早期翻译者向南方周末记者无奈地表示：“这不是技术问题，而是人的问题。”

5

隐性的权力结构

在矿圈，食物链顶层就是矿机生产商。目前，公认的三大矿机生产商均位于中国。他们通过生产销售矿机，获得大量的利润，同时也涉足矿场和矿池的建设，布局在整个币圈的话语权。

蚂蚁矿池是全球排名前二的大矿池，它的算力占据全网算力的17%，但根据工商资料，该矿池是由比特大陆一手创办；嘉楠耘智的几位投资人，同时也是杭州矿池科技有限公司的投资人，后者有自己的矿池Hash和挖矿平台，不过矿池已于2017年底停止运营。

亿邦通信则在内蒙古呼和浩特市、乌海市，新疆准东经济开发区成立了三家区块链公司。亿邦通信的一位销售人员向南方周末记者介绍，他们在这三地都有矿场和挖矿业务，但这些矿场也已全负荷运转，没有机位可以托管新的矿机了。

“我们正在俄罗斯的伊尔库茨克搭建新矿场，那里电费低很多，新矿机可以在那里托管。”该人士说。

在矿机厂商之上，则是芯片巨头的收割。“矿机的核心技术在芯片上，谁有矿机芯片，谁就可以生产更多矿机。”丁杨对南方周末记者说，芯片主要掌握在几家巨头厂商手中，如台积电、英伟达、AMD等。

从2015年开始，台积电一直都是嘉楠耘智的最大芯片供应商。2015年，嘉楠耘智从台积电采购的芯片，占据嘉楠耘智所有采购量的69.62%，此后这个数据一直维持在60%左右。嘉楠耘智的大部分利润，均被台积电赚走。

2018年1月18日，在台积电第四季度财报的说明会上，董事长张忠谋就称，虽然今年的移动业务前景较弱，但公司的营收依然会增长10%—15%，关键因素之一就是持续稳健的加密货币开采对芯片的需求。

在矿机厂商之下，则隐藏着另外一种权力结构。嘉楠耘智2017年的招股书上，透露了这个秘密。2017年前4个月，嘉楠耘智的前五大客户中，有四大客户属于“个人”。而根据公开资料，其中有三人均是币圈鼎鼎大名的“腕儿”。

第一大客户吴钢是最早的一批矿工，后来创办了Haobtc，该公司拥有一个全球前十的矿池；第二大客户林志鹏是小强矿机的创始人，很早便从事矿机的生产销售，其与第六大客户谢维钦，一直是合作关系；第三大客户王晋创办了币圈资讯网站比特帮。

这些大客户均不是单纯的矿工，他们都在币圈拥有着自己的影响力。机械运转的矿机给他们带来收益的同时，也带来了话语权。

据比特大陆一位内部人士介绍，比特大陆的大客户中，也多为币圈的大佬。不过，比特大陆官方婉拒了南方周末记者的采访，该公司公关部回应称，由于与客户签署了保密协议，该方面内容不方便透露。

“一币一别墅”的财富神话依然在币圈里广为流传，不断有新的投资者跃跃欲试。但其实，从矿机厂商到大矿场主，再到矿池，这个小圈子已经形成了一个稳定的权力结构。

新入局者，大多只能做被收割的“韭菜”

『陆』 如果BTC跌到0了，对币圈会有多大的影响

假如比特币归零，绝大多数币圈的项目也会跟着远走高飞，这便是一波非常大的冲击；会有多少企业破产？是多少区块链公司转型发展？无法想象，而这些危害将会造成现在社会失业人员的增加，再加上目前的疫情冲击着可不是什么小事情。归零也就等同于全球没有任何一个人坚信比特币了，也就等同于现阶段总市值3.72万亿元蒸发了！假如比特币归零了，币圈全部货币将会追随它步伐归零。

自然很多人可能会说，比特币不容易归零，所以想这一全是不必要。但如果是大家自己买的币归零了呢？然后买？接着被割。终究，大家会发现自己陷入一个恶循环困局。那如果大家从今天开始，就不做韭菜呢，大家持续为自己汲取营养，有价值的东西，不断提升自己的高度，一段时间之后，我们或许会发现大家没有在是被收种的韭菜了，所以在币圈我们要做一个带上逻辑思维的投资者，而不是一个盲目的跟风投机商。

『柒』 比特币的价格可以长期高于挖矿的成本吗

比特币的挖币算率是逐渐上升的，在近期有关比特现金BCH硬分叉前后左右，比特币的算率难度系数较过去每星期难度系数增长速率明显下降大概在4-5％上下。但是在之前算率难度系数较低的阶段比特币的挖币成本费还是挺低廉的，例如前面6200-6800美金横盘整理一个季度区间内挖币都是有盈利的，假如有很大矿厂或是挖矿软件靠之前成本较低的BTC也能维持很长一段时间。

BTC归零应该不很有可能，稳中有进后应该会有一波比较大反跳，目前在4000美金处小反跳，已经有筑底征兆，但还需观查几日，看其能不能恪守4000大关。由于BTC是虚拟货币的元老级，是先行者，是先行人，后面一种创造的全部区块链项目全是参考比特币的技术性开展的，BTC如今或将来已经成为了数字黄金。那你觉得黄金会一文不值吗？很显然不容易，实际上一样东西往往有价值，是很多人共同的认知和的共识才赋予这东西使用价值。由于证劵型区块链的合理合法越来越明显了，美国SEC早已获准了39家证券通证头型企业。BTC不具，它后面也没有实际经营业务流程，它更造就不上价值。

『捌』 比特币大跌，背后的主要原因是什么

特币价格大跌，会影响股票市场，购买比特币的基金和区块链相关的板块都会受到比特币价格大跌而出现下跌。

随着科技不断发展，新兴产业不断出现，比特币作为新兴产业受到了很多人的关注，比特币十多年时间涨幅已经得到几万倍，这让很多人感到不可思议，比特币也成为了大家心目中财富的象征。比特币价格大跌，会对股票市场造成影响，特别是给比特币关联比较大的比特币基金和区块链技术都会受到非常大的影响，比特币大跌他们也会大跌，造成投资者损失。

『玖』 比特币算力大幅下降，会有什么影响

1、低成本的币可能增加市场的抛压

尤其是7nm矿机的大规模上市，其挖矿成本在26000人民币上下， 对于矿工而言，仍有较大的利润空间，出于运营维护矿场日常的需求，必然存在部分抛压，算力的下降，反倒会减少市场上流动的币。

2、矿机商为了新矿机的销售，可能通过打压币价，淘汰老矿机，从而增加新矿机的销售量

以上一款主流老矿机蚂蚁S9为例，当算力增加到100EH/S时，只要币价达到7000美元左右，蚂蚁S9以上的老旧矿机都将淘汰，只要这样的币价维持2个月左右，将倒逼矿场与矿工出清老矿机，购买新的大算力矿机。

3、当前市场普遍看好减半行情，为了减少下降的阻力，极有可能会经历一波下行

为减轻减半的下降主力，市场有较大的可能经历一波下行，矿场与矿工为了为了锁定挖矿的收益，有较大的可能采取套保措施，从某种程度上，会增加市场的下降阻力，增加上行的风险。

也就是说算力下降的背后，是由于币价的下行，以及7nm矿机的投产，在利润空间增大的刺激下，市场购买大量新型矿机，投入到挖矿中，从而造成比特币算力的下降。

众所周知，算力的大幅上涨，是币价上涨的结果，而不是币价上涨的原因。反倒是大算力矿机投产导致的算力的快速上涨，增加了比特币的抛压，增加了下行的风险。

比特币算力下降影响价格吗？

首先，如果BTC的价格可以维持，目前还在挖矿的矿工利润上升了，而且上升的比例不止15%，举个简单的例子，假如之前有矿工电费成本10元，能挖到20元的币，利润是10元，难度下降之后，能多挖15%的币，就是23元，电费成本不变，利润就是13元，利润上升了30%。前段时间币圈有大佬说矿场和部分矿工可能在托盘，因为BTC的价格即将跌破他们的关机价，现在来看，由于利润上升，他们的底线可能会下调，短期内对比特币的价格可能是一个利空，不过影响BTC价格的因素还有很多，我们可以拭目以待。

比特币算力下降意味着什么？以上就是比特币算力下降意味着什么的相关内容，其实挖比特币的算力实质上是一直在求解，这样就能保证最长的链条拥有全网最大的工作量，从而不会被更改，这样也就实现了比特币系统是坚固的，是不会被人攻击的，也就是说比特币算力是为了维护比特币网络的安全，因此比特币算力对于比特币来说是非常重要的，而对于矿工来说，比特币算力也是极为重要的，毕竟比特币算力的变化直接影响矿工挖矿的难度。

比特币挖矿赚不赚钱，有5个非常关键的数据对其产生影响:比特币价格、算力、电费成本、全网挖矿难度、矿机成本价。后面4个因素，彼此之间互相影响，最后可能对BTC价格产生影响。

4月6日，一篇题为《中国比特币区块链运行的碳排放量与可持续性的政策评估》的论文发表在了《自然通讯》上，来自中国科学院、清华大学学者的这篇论文，引发了中国甚至海外媒体的关注。在国家的「双控」目标下，新疆、内蒙等地的火力发电的矿场被迫停止运营。在针对比特币挖矿的监管要求下达后，近期比特币全网算力暴跌了20%。

那么比特币全网算力大跌以后对广大矿工有什么影响呢？首先咱们要这里先解释一下什么是挖矿难度调整。中本聪在发明比特币时，将难度调整的逻辑写在了代码中，每个全节点中独立自动发生。这个逻辑是：比特币大约每10分钟挖出一个块，每挖出2016个块调整一次，正常情况下，每14天左右会调整一次难度，挖矿的难度是根据之前一个周期的比特币全网算力来调整，所以难度和全网算力是相关的，时间上有一定程度的滞后。概括来说，挖矿难度调整是为了调整出块（比特币）的快慢，难度越高出块越慢，难度越低出块越快。

从上图可以看出，预测挖矿难度会在5月30日下降到21.86T，不难猜测，近期的难度下降比较明显的原因有两方面：1、国家监管出拳，整顿内蒙、新疆等地的虚拟货币矿场，矿场停运导致的全网算力下降。2、BTC价格大幅下跌，导致老的矿机已经不赚钱，这部分矿机的关机会导致全网算力下降。

那么全网算力、挖矿难度是一个什么样的关系呢？这里有一个逻辑，全网算力下降说明挖矿的人少了，导致的结果是出块的速度加快，也就是挖矿难度下降了。那么咱们是不是可以这么理解：全网算力下降，致使挖矿难度下降，矿工更容易挖到比特币了呢？

更好挖了，钱都让别人赚去了

『拾』 币圈崩溃，币圈的未来何去何从

币圈崩溃，币圈的未来将回归常态，并不会有特别虚高的价格。

当通货膨胀加剧且人们担心经济发展时，比特币应运而生，它的诞生是为了抗衡现有的货币体系。尽管比特币的发展存在许多漏洞和问题，但这一新事物为我们反思现有的货币体系提供了很大的启发。当然，每件新事物的出现总是伴随着优点和缺点，这既给我们带来了启发，也给社会带来了许多问题，例如使用比特币洗钱，逃税和许多其他法律问题。我们只会尽力解决这些问题，以使比特币新事物对我们更好。

投资比特币采矿机的投资者应了解其生产原理，并区分可以进行比特币交易的平台是否正常。任何违反根据真实比特币挖掘算法生成的比特币规则的行为都是虚假宣传。投资应谨慎，保持理性和清醒是关键。

『一』Bitcoin crashed, the currency circle evaporated over 300 billion overnight, what impact will it have?

What caused the market shock was the third largest stablecoin in the cryptocurrency market, UST and its Sister currency Luna suffered a bloodbath. As of press time, the price of UST, which is supposed to be anchored to the value of 1 US dollar, fell to 0.131 US dollars, a drop of 84.1%; its sister currency Luna fell to 0.038 US dollars, a 97.46% plunge. On April 5, the virtual currency stood at 119.5 US dollars. of high points.

『二』Biography of Huo Zhong | Post-95 Bitcoin mine owners use real estate logic to operate mines

[Editor's Note]

"Historical Records· Huo Zhong" "Biographies" is the earliest historical work that specifically describes outstanding figures engaged in "commercial" (commercial) activities. Sima Qian's economic thoughts and business wisdom on managing the world and benefiting the people are known as "historical thoughts and economics, which is a pioneering work in the book" ".

A new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is reshaping the world economic structure and restructuring the global innovation landscape. In this great change, the stories of all entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs, and workers who have the courage to innovate and take on responsibilities are worthy of being remembered. From now on, we launch "The Paper Finance People Weekly·Huo Zhi Biography" to tell the stories of business figures in the era of globalization.

They write biographies for the times, and we write biographies for them.

In a club in the suburbs of Chengdu, a small dinner party in the Bitcoin "mining circle" is starting.

Sitting in the main seat, Ota is a "post-95s generation" with a round face. He is wearing a Gucci T-shirt with Doraemon printed on it and a pair of trendy shoes.

"They are all my friends," Da Tian said happily.

The 8 people here are more or less related to Bitcoin mining. Bitcoins, currently worth about US$60,000, are dug out one by one through "mining machines" using their computing power to seize the accounting rights. The miner who buys the mining machine is called a "miner", and the place where the "miner" hosts the mining machine and provides power is called a "mine", and the owner of the mine is the "mine owner".

Datian is a mine owner. He owns seven or eight virtual currency mines in Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan and other places, with a total load of more than 800,000 kilowatts, which is relatively large in China.

In this dinner, Da Tian is the youngest, but everyone calls him "Brother Da Tian". He is also privately called the "newcomer in the mining industry" by some older miners.

"Please give me a green lighter. Red is unlucky for us." During the dinner, a mine owner was not very satisfied with the color of the lighter provided by the waiter. In the cryptocurrency market, green represents an increase and red represents a decrease.

Since last year, Bitcoin has ushered in a bull market, with a maximum increase of more than 10 times. For those in the mining industry, this is a time of great success. Dinners like this happen almost every dayis being staged, and Daejeon is at home in it.

(1) The heat is rising

The most important cost of Bitcoin mining is electricity, so mining farms prefer areas with sufficient power resources and cheap electricity. Sichuan is rich in water resources and is currently the most important Bitcoin mining site in China.

Miners with small computing power mining machines are sometimes called migratory birds. When the dry season comes in the south, they dismantle the mining machines and transport them to Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other places to use thermal power for mining; After the flood season arrives, the mining machines are transported to the south to utilize water and electricity for mining. And so on, year after year.

In February this year, a piece of news that shocked the mining industry occurred. The official website of the Inner Mongolia Development and Reform Commission stated in a document that in order to speed up the elimination of backward and excess production capacity, it plans to comprehensively clean up and shut down virtual currency mining projects and withdraw them all before the end of April.

Inner Mongolia is rich in coal resources and relatively cheap thermal power. Therefore, Inner Mongolia is also one of the important places where Bitcoin mines gather after Sichuan enters the dry season.

When everyone began to discuss where to go in the next dry season, Datian was relatively calm. His mine in Inner Mongolia was closed last year.

The partition wall in the factory building is neatly cut with dense heat dissipation holes according to the size of the mining machine, and the roof is filled with exhaust fans. In order to cool down the mining machine, there is a "water curtain" built on the outside of the factory, which feels as rough as cardboard. When the mining machine is working, the staff will turn on the machine, draw water from the fire pool and let it flow down the water curtain to achieve the purpose of cooling.

Inside the currently empty factory building, there are cooling holes for mining machines cut on both sides

There are water curtains on both sides of the factory building for physical cooling

Datian's The personnel configuration of a mine is generally: one director, one supervisor (which can also be understood as deputy director), one electrician and four operation and maintenance personnel for every 10,000 kilowatts of load. The directors of seven or eight mines in Daejeon are all served by their relatives. The farm director is responsible for the management and scheduling of the entire mine, including dealing with the power station.

Simple working environment for mine workers

"I had no idea about electricity at first, but later I discovered that if the electricity bill is 20 cents per kilowatt-hour, mining income can be doubled," Daejeon explain. In fact, for mine owners like Datian, the main income is to earn the difference in electricity bills.

For example, if the electricity fee of a mine is 0.2 yuan, it can charge miners 0.3 yuan for electricity. For miners, the electricity fee of 0.3 yuan is still very cheap compared to the 0.6 yuan in the city, so they are willing to entrust the mining machines to the mines.

(2) Campus Miners

The 26-year-old Datian was born in a small county below Heze, Shandong. Both parents are doctors. He has been thinking about how to make money since junior high school and high school, and the history of mining can be traced back to his college days.

Daejeon’s money-making projects during middle school included working for othersPeople recharge QQ membership, buy yellow diamonds, green diamonds, red diamonds, sell power banks, mobile phone cards, resell mobile phones, etc.

When he was studying in a 985 university, Daejeon also tried to open a supermarket at school, and collaborated with his classmates on a "dormitory convenience store" entrepreneurial project, and once raised a B+ round of financing.

Datian claimed that he had "a small amount of savings" while in college.

He came into contact with Bitcoin because a friend borrowed money from him. It was 2014. This friend asked to borrow 50,000 yuan and promised to pay back 55,000 yuan in a week with a weekly interest of 10%.

Under the mortgage of his computer, electric car, and ID card, Datian finally lent him 30,000 yuan, and a week later he received 33,000 yuan with interest.

It turned out that his friend had entered an international MLM fund, and only charged Bitcoin for entry. Daejeon also wants to try it out.

So, when Bitcoin was still 800 yuan or 900 yuan, Datian bought more than 200,000 yuan in Bitcoin, but before he started investing, the MLM fund collapsed.

“I just have a bunch of Bitcoins on my hands and I don’t know who to sell them to.” Datian once admitted defeat. Unexpectedly, two or three months later, Bitcoin rose to more than 2,000 yuan. He and his friends confirmed it repeatedly and quickly sold it.

Having entered the "currency circle" inexplicably like this, Daejeon began to study Bitcoin seriously, including white papers and forums. If he didn't understand something, he would go to the forum to search for strategies. In the end, Datian also assembled a mining machine.

"At that time, I carried the machine everywhere, went to the study room to plug it in, and even plugged it in for a while when I returned to the dormitory." Datian said. At that time, there were very few mining machines on the market, and the computing power of the entire network was relatively low. Datian could only earn one to two thousand yuan a month.

In 2017, Datian became a management trainee of a well-known company in Qingdao. Out of his understanding of the blockchain field, he co-founded a small and micro enterprise in the blockchain field within the group, and thus got to know the owner of a Yunnan virtual currency mine.

At first, he bought some mining machines and hosted them in a mine in Yunnan. Later, Datian met a mine owner in Ma'anshan and found that the mine was profitable, and the two parties became partners.

Datian’s mining career has officially begun.

(3) Licking blood from the edge of a knife

Every mine owner may start his career by looking for electricity, and may face many dangerous moments along the way.

In mid-2018, Daejeon and its partners went to Sichuan to inspect mines. The so-called inspection of mines mainly means going to "barren mountains and rivers" to find hydropower stations that are willing to cooperate. These places are also extremely prone to geological disasters during flood seasons.

It was a rainy day. After inspecting a mine in Sichuan, Datian and his partners hurriedly drove back along the winding mountain road. In a hurry to go down the mountain, Datian drove in the opposite direction to the end of the mountain.driveway, and ended up colliding head-on with a large truck at a corner.

"The car spun three times on the spot, and the airbags were deployed. It was only so far that it fell to the bottom of the mountain." Da Tian stretched out his hand to mark a distance of 20 centimeters, and he still has lingering fears until now.

Fortunately, the large truck was empty and the body of the truck was not loaded, so the force on Daejeon's truck was not that great, thus avoiding the tragedy of falling down the mountain.

Datian has encountered such a dangerous situation more than once. For example, once on the way to Yunnan, we almost hit a landslide at 120 miles. For example, a mudslide washed away the road right in front of our eyes...

Traces of mudslides on one side of the road

Daejeon is in During the inspection, we also encountered a problem: most people at the hydropower station didn’t know what Bitcoin mining was about and thought they were scammers.

However, after the first power station made money, more and more power stations were willing to cooperate with the mining farm.

During the operation of the mine, Datian also encountered dilemmas that made him laugh or cry.

It was in a small mountain village in Yunnan. The mine in Datian hired two local people to look after it. Because the locals who guarded the gate always said that they were "mining", suddenly one day, a group of villagers rushed into the mine and angrily accused Datian of secretly digging the village's mines.

Datian explained that what they were digging was Bitcoin, but the villagers didn’t understand and didn’t want to take care of it. They just said, “Whatever is mined in our village, we have to share it with us.” So Daejeon asked the villagers to send several representatives into the mine to inspect it.

"They were poking around on the ground with hoes, trying to find out if there was a mine on the ground, but they couldn't explain it." He said helplessly.

After calling the police, the police from the local public security bureau did not understand what virtual currency mining was about. They spent a day in Daejeon to make the police understand that the "mine" they mined was virtual and did not exist. Dig the "mine" in the village.

"Later, we reached an agreement that each household would pay 50 yuan a month. It is estimated that this is still the case now." He said.

(4) Blood loss of more than 20 million

The real crisis in Daejeon will occur in 2020.

At the beginning of this year, Datian’s mining machines began to be shipped to a new mine located in a sparsely populated area of ​​Inner Mongolia. It was six months ago that he started construction after being introduced by a friend. The total load was less than 60,000 kilowatts and he invested more than 18 million yuan.

The reason why we came here to build a mine is also related to an electricity subsidy. When attracting investment, this mine in Datian was introduced in the form of a cloud computing center and a big data storage center. Therefore, it can receive a subsidy of 0.12 yuan per kilowatt hour of electricity, which means the electricity price is 0.38 yuan. After adding the subsidy return of 0.12 yuan, the actual electricity cost is 0.26 yuan. .

What Datian didn’t expect was that something happened on the first night of the mine’s operation:Due to cutting corners during construction, the transformer consumed too much power and exploded.

After more than half a month of maintenance, the cable exploded again. The mining machine finally started running, but what followed was the COVID-19 epidemic that spread across the country.

Blockade policies have been implemented across the country, and four people were left on duty at the mine in Daejeon. In the ice and snow, hunger and lack of water are the top priorities facing these four people.

In the winter in Inner Mongolia, the outdoor temperature can reach as low as tens of degrees below zero. Workers can only obtain water by smashing ice in water tanks every day. Because the mine is located in a sparsely populated area, local community epidemic prevention personnel only occasionally patrol. During inspections, they stuff boxes of instant noodles into the small space in the car and bring them to the workers on duty at the mine.

"They ate the same flavor of instant noodles for a whole month." Ota recalled with a wry smile.

In addition, because other workers who returned to their hometowns were locked up in their hometowns, the workload of the four people who stayed on duty increased sharply.

"There are four people with more than 30,000 machines, and each person is responsible for nearly 10,000 machines. If the mining machine is too cold, it is easy to go offline. At that time, it was more than minus 40 degrees, and it was necessary to manually blow the blowers one by one. ." Datian said.

After surviving the lockdown period, Daejeon, which thought it could operate normally, received a notice: the electricity subsidy could not be approved, and Daejeon still had to pay the electricity fee of 0.38 yuan per unit.

Misfortune never comes alone.

Due to the new crown epidemic and the crude oil price war, the price of Bitcoin has also encountered Waterloo. On March 12, 2020, Bitcoin once fell below $4,000, which was halved from its highest price in February.

“When the currency price was 8,000 US dollars, I was guaranteed not to lose money. But on March 12, I couldn’t hold it anymore. I was desperate. I quickly called my brother and asked my brother to dismantle the transformer and send the mining machine back. I couldn’t even run with the electricity bill of 0.26 yuan,” Datian recalled.

The mining machine was dismantled and transported back from the mine in Inner Mongolia, which meant that the mining machine could not be operated during this period, and Datian needed to compensate the customer for its computing power.

"With the electricity bill of 0.34 yuan and 0.35 yuan at that time, every kilowatt-hour of electricity was charged 3 cents. The more you ran, the more you lost." Datian said that this time, he lost more than 20 million yuan. Yuan.

(5) A blessing in disguise

In the first half of last year, the price of Bitcoin once fell below the "shutdown price" of some mining machines.

The so-called "shutdown currency price" of a mining machine means that the revenue from mining is not enough to pay for the electricity consumed. Once the Bitcoin price falls below the "shutdown currency price", miners need to shut down their mining machines, otherwise they will suffer greater losses.

At the most serious time, 60% of the mining machines in all the mines in Daejeon were shut down, leaving only the high-power-consuming and powerful computing machines still running. Fortunately, Bitcoin rebounded after its sharp decline.

“Actually, it hasn’t been shut down for a few days. The computing power of the mine itself is in a balanced state, and most people shut down their phones., the computing power difficulty will decrease, the more coins will be mined, the more profits will be made, and then it will start up. "Datian said.

Mine owners and miners like Datian still have two different income models. Being a mine is to make money from the difference in electricity costs. Regardless of the rise or fall of currency prices, you can earn a relatively stable income. However, if miners are not optimistic about the market outlook and do not increase mining machines or even reduce mining machines, then the business of the mines will also decline.

In May last year, Bitcoin halved every four years. Then, the number of Bitcoin rewards for each block mined by miners dropped from 12.5 Bitcoins to 6.25 Bitcoins, which meant that the income of miners was also halved. At that time, the price of the currency was more than 5,000 US dollars.

“Many people were disappointed with the market during the wet season in May. Everyone felt that if the price rose to US$5,000, it would be a rebound and runaway state. No one is buying the machine, everyone is selling the machine, and they all think that Bitcoin’s rebound to $6,000 is already high. " Daejeon said.

As a mine owner, Daejeon also thought about quitting, but he signed a contract with the hydropower station and must take on the originally signed load within the year before he can withdraw.

Therefore, he has signed a contract with the hydropower station. , he could only bite the bullet and buy mining machines to fill the load himself, "many of which were short of 10,000 to 20,000 kilowatts of load." Fortunately, everyone was selling mining machines at that time, so the cost of the mining machines purchased by Datian was very low.

The Bitcoin market completely reversed in the second half of last year, launching a super bull market.

Recalling this, Daejeon laughed and said that he became rich passively: "I bought a lot of core mining machines. T2T, at that time, the Antminer S9 was bought for 200 yuan, but now it is 1,500 yuan. T2T was more than 700 yuan, now it is 8,000 yuan. The Shenma mining machine M21 cost more than 3,000 yuan at that time, but now it costs more than 20,000 yuan. ”

Antminer S9

From May 2020 to now, the average price of mining machines has increased almost 10 times. And the mining farm in Datian in 2020 1T (computing power unit, is (The unit of measurement of Bitcoin network processing power) income is 0.5 yuan, 0.6 yuan, and now the income of 1T can reach 2 yuan.

(6) Take over third-tier mines

1 After the bull market, new trends have emerged in the mining industry, and some institutions have also started to work as miners.

In the early days of entering the mining industry, Datian’s customers were all retail investors, and the mining machines that a customer needed to host were basically Within 10 units, the fewest are only about 5 units.

As Bitcoin increasingly enters the mainstream, more and more institutional funds have begun to enter the mining circle, and under the current Bitcoin bull market It monopolizes most of the newly manufactured mining machines on the market.

“I don’t accept pure retail investors now. Daejeon said that currently only a dozen machines have been invested for 1 million in the virtual currency mining industry, which to him is a "scatter among the scattered".

As of now, the Daejeon mine has more than 800,000 kilowatts. negativeLoads, self-owned mining machines account for more than 20,000 kilowatts, 60%-70% of the volume are mining machines managed by listed companies and groups, and the remaining load is connected to some cloud computing power platforms and centralized retail custody.

It is worth noting that since the second half of 2020, traditional financial leasing companies have also begun to enter the mining machine market.

The mines in Datian are also expanding. The construction of the mines in Xinjiang has just been completed. A mine in Sichuan may need to expand its load by another 100,000 kilowatts before the flood season. In terms of mining machines, he gradually eliminated machines with small computing power and replaced them with machines with large computing power. However, it is currently difficult to buy mining machines on the market, and the mining machine he ordered will not be shipped until November.

Outside the factory, Antminer S9 machines with small computing power that can still run are stacked randomly

With the expansion of the cryptocurrency market, the mining circle that originally grew wildly has begun to gradually Vertical field segmentation and refinement.

Daejeon is also exploring new business models for mining farms, "developing like the logic of real estate."

In Daejeon's view, the first stage of the mining industry is "as long as you have connections, you can get the land", and you can make money by getting the land. The second stage is that the better and more beautiful the mine is, the stronger its ability to attract investment will be. The third is the development stage. The competition is about management capabilities and brands. Mining machine owners buy services instead of electricity bills.

"So now I want to provide a one-stop service for mines and take over third-tier mines, which are mines that may not be particularly professional in operation." Datian said excitedly about his blueprint, " I'm here to take it over for you. You can use my brand to attract investment, but you need to renovate it. These mines charge about 0.2 yuan for electricity, and I'll charge you 0.24 yuan. You won't lose anything if you give me 30% of the profit. "

After Inner Mongolia announced the withdrawal of virtual currency mining, "Nature Communications" published a research paper from scholars at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University on April 6. The paper states that Chinese miners account for more than 75% of the Bitcoin network's computing power. Without appropriate intervention measures and feasible policies, intensive Bitcoin mining may undermine China's efforts to reduce emissions.

"In the end, mining still uses energy scraps. Green mining is definitely a trend." He said.

Proofreading: Liu Wei

『三』What impact will blockchain have on currency?

On today’s Internet, the most commonly heard One word is blockchain. Blockchain technology has now become a major trend on the Internet. Many Internet giants have begun to study blockchain and are making use of it. The most famous product in blockchain is Bit currency. Our country does not recognize the value of things like Bitcoin, which means that Bitcoin is completely worthless in our country, so what impact it has on the currency is different, but it is different on the world. Blockchain products for world currenciesThe impact is very large. Take Bitcoin as an example. It has skyrocketed many times in 2020, and the impact on the currency is also very large.

3. Blockchain products will cause changes in currency value

Blockchain products will become increasingly scarce due to their particularity. Blockchain products all over the world have The amount is limited and development is very difficult, so the value of blockchain products will continue to appreciate. The monetary unit in which blockchain products are valued relative to them will continue to depreciate, ultimately affecting the value of the currency.

『四』Can anyone tell me whether blockchain transaction mining will lose money

Losing money is possible under any circumstances. There are no hundreds of people in this world. Investments that can make money are 100% sure to be made.

With the rise in the price of Bitcoin, the mining industry has become a veritable "gold mine". The large influx of newcomers and retail investors has made the Bitcoin market

Coin mining machines are hard to come by.

It is precisely in the face of such a market that the price of Bitcoin mining machines has also begun to rise. Not only that, because the number of Bitcoins is becoming increasingly scarce

, so mining The difficulty is getting bigger and bigger, and now the production capacity of Bitcoin mining will gradually decrease.

When the revenue of the mining machine is not enough to pay for the electricity consumed, the currency price at this time is called the "shutdown currency price". The influencing factors include currency price, electricity consumption

price, mining Mining difficulty, etc., if the currency price falls below the "shutdown currency price", miners need to shut down the mining machine, otherwise they will lose money.

So, any industry has certain risks, and only when you devote yourself to this industry, that is, after you understand it deeply

, will you know There are risks involved, and you need to bear these risks before you can continue to develop in this industry.

Blockchain mining:

In 2009, Satoshi Nakamoto invented Bitcoin and set a limit of 21 million Bitcoins. In the Bitcoin network, by participating in the production of blocks and providing proof of work (PoW), you can obtain rewards from the Bitcoin network. This process is mining.

The concept of "mining" is taken from the existing concepts in our real economic life, such as gold mining, silver mining, etc., because minerals are valuable

That’s why people are driven to pay labor to dig.

Another important point of Bitcoin mining is that the miners participating in mining recognize the value of Bitcoin, and there are people in the market who are willing to mine the Bitcoin market

Spend money. So, Bitcoin mining makes sense.

『五』What’s going on with digital currency mining

The wealth myth of “one coin, one villa” is still widely circulated in the currency circle, and new investors are constantly eager to try it. But in fact, from mining machine manufacturers to large mine owners to mining pools, this small circle has formed a stable power structure.

Manufacturing and selling mining machines, mining, building mines, and building mining pools, the "mining circle" has become another way to make a fortune in the blockchain world, and mining machines have also become a little-known "big business."

According to the vision of Bitcoin inventor Satoshi Nakamoto, the ideal state should be "decentralized", with computing power dispersed around the world. However, contrary to decentralization, mining pools are absolutely centralized, and more and more mining machines are connected to mining pools.

This article was first published on Southern Weekend

“If speculating in currencies is a road of no return, then investing in mining machines is a business that is sure to make a profit, and recovery of costs is only a matter of time. "Zhong Xi, general manager of Shenzhen Aibo Times Technology Co., Ltd., calculated an account. A mining machine earns 200 yuan a day, and it can recover its capital in 120 days, and then it will be profit.

In October 2017, Zhong Xi joined the mining army in addition to his main business, and quickly became a big boss in the mining circle. He operates multiple large mines in Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. .

In fact, this "guaranteed profit without loss" business still relies on the continued rise in currency prices. In the past two months, the price of Bitcoin has dropped from US$15,000 to around US$10,000, and even fell below US$6,000 at one point, which has extended the payback cycle of mining machines. If it continues to fall, profits will be far away.

Four years after the advent of Bitcoin, in 2012, mining machines that could be mass-produced appeared. Prior to this, mining was mainly a private activity and could be completed with a home computer. "At that time, home computers were money printing machines, and a lot of Bitcoins could be mined every day." Huang Shiliang, a senior digital currency player who sold mining machines in his early years, recalled to Southern Weekend reporters.

After the emergence of mining machines, mining began to be "socialized". Mines and mining pools appeared, and mining became a collective work. Individual mining machines are hosted by mining farms, just like workers on a production line. As long as they are placed there, they can receive a salary every day.

Manufacturing and selling mining machines, mining, building mines, and building mining pools, the "mining circle" has become another way to make a fortune in the blockchain world, and mining machines have also become a little-known " Big business".

China has become the world’s largest producer of mining machines. Since 2012, a number of mining machine manufacturers have emerged in China, such as Shenzhen Bit Spring Co., Ltd., which produces Roasted Cat mining machines, and the now famous Bitmain, Canaan and Ebrun Communications. In Huaqiangbei, Shenzhen, you can see foreigners everywhere asking about the price of mining machines with translators.

Recently, Bitmain CEO Ketuan Zhan said in an interview with the media that this startup, which was only established for 4 years, had a revenue of approximately US$2.5 billion in 2017. Bitmain is known as the world's largest mining machine manufacturer, and their Antminer machines have always been the hard currency in the currency circle and the miner world.

Similar to the currency circle, the mining circle also requires faith - a firm belief that the mechanical mathematical operations of mining machines every day can create huge wealth.

However, contrary to the "decentralization" promoted by Bitcoin, the world of miners is moving toward "centralization." mineMachine sellers build their own mines, and after investors buy the mining machines, they are hosted by the sellers; while manufacturers build their own mining pools and manage the mines.

This "centralization" process has caused the wealth in the mining circle to be seized by a few people. It is not easy for Zhong Xi to enter the inner circle.

"Centralization" of computing power

The main function of a mine is to provide a place for decentralized mining machines to operate. But what really plays the role of integration is the “mining pool”.

The so-called "mining pool" can be simply understood as "cooperative mining". Miners and mining farms hand over their computing power to the mining pool, which uses the mining pool as the only address to access the digital currency network for mining, and then distributes dividends to the miners according to the computing power of the mining machine.

Mining pools have a longer history than mining machines. In November 2010, a mining pool named Slush appeared. Its official website still says today that it is "the world's first mining pool." This title is also recognized by the currency circle. Compared with mining farms, the establishment of mining pools requires certain skills and the threshold is relatively higher.

The person in charge of a well-known domestic mining pool explained the principles of mining pools to Southern Weekend reporters. He compared mining to buying lottery tickets. If a person mines alone, the probability of winning is very unstable. He may win 100,000 today but not win in the next six months.

“Gather people who buy lottery tickets together and buy them together. No matter who wins, they will be divided according to the proportion of their money. In the currency circle, mining pools play this role.” The person in charge said.

It is not complicated to connect a mining machine to a mining pool. According to the operation guides of major mining pools, it usually only takes a few steps to complete, and then you can get income from the mining pool based on the computing power you provide. A mining machine is like a worker standing on a production line, receiving a fixed salary every day.

Mining pools with huge computing power and numerous mining machines have an absolute say in both the currency and mining circles. For example, if you want to issue a new digital currency or lead a Bitcoin fork, you generally need the support of a mining pool. Without the support of a mining pool, there will be no one to mine the new currency, and it will be meaningless.

In addition, when a popular new coin comes out, the mining pool can also use the miners at its disposal to quickly package it and take the lead in the rush to buy these new coins.

In June 2017, when the two major tokens SNT and EOS were issued, Southern Weekend reporters witnessed the scene of mining pools snapping up tokens. Because there are too many investors, many individual investors are unable to put funds into a designated location, but the person in charge of a mining pool can easily complete this operation.

According to the vision of Bitcoin inventor Satoshi Nakamoto, the ideal state should be "decentralized", with computing power dispersed around the world. However, contrary to decentralization, mining pools are absolutely centralized, and more and more mining machines are connected to mining pools.

On January 18, 2018, five people including Cornell University computer professor Emin Yun Sirash co-authored a paper pointing out the existence behind the two major digital currencies Bitcoin and Ethereum. Hidden power structure, mining is too centralizedAmong them, 50% of Bitcoin’s computing power is controlled by the four major mining pools.

In fact, this problem has always existed. Four years ago, Ethereum founder Vtalik noticed this problem when he wrote the Ethereum white paper. He wrote: "This problem can be said to be very serious. At the time of writing this article, the two largest mining pools indirectly control about 50% of the computing power of the entire network.”

To this day, this problem has not been solved. An early translator of the Ethereum white paper said helplessly to a Southern Weekend reporter: "This is not a technical problem, but a human problem."

5

Implicit power structure

In the mining industry, the top level of the food chain is the mining machine manufacturer. Currently, the three major recognized mining machine manufacturers are all located in China. They have made a lot of profits by producing and selling mining machines. They are also involved in the construction of mines and mining pools, and have a say in the entire currency circle.

Ant Pool is one of the top two mining pools in the world. Its computing power accounts for 17% of the entire network’s computing power. However, according to industrial and commercial data, the mining pool was founded by Bitmain; Canaan Several of Yunzhi's investors are also investors in Hangzhou Mining Pool Technology Co., Ltd., which has its own mining pool Hash and mining platform, but the mining pool ceased operations at the end of 2017.

Yibang Communications has established three blockchain companies in Hohhot and Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang Zhundong Economic Development Zone. A salesperson from Ebrun Communications told Southern Weekend reporters that they have mines and mining operations in these three places, but these mines are also operating at full capacity and there is no machine space to host new mining machines.

“We are building a new mining farm in Irkutsk, Russia, where electricity costs are much lower and new mining machines can be hosted there,” the person said.

Beyond the mining machine manufacturers, it is the chip giants that are harvesting. "The core technology of mining machines is on the chip. Whoever has mining machine chips can produce more mining machines." Ding Yang told Southern Weekend reporters that chips are mainly in the hands of several giant manufacturers, such as TSMC, Nvidia, and AMD. wait.

Since 2015, TSMC has been Canaan’s largest chip supplier. In 2015, the chips purchased by Canaan Intelligent Technology from TSMC accounted for 69.62% of all purchases by Canaan Intelligent Technology. Since then, this figure has remained at around 60%. Most of Canaan Intelligent's profits were earned by TSMC.

On January 18, 2018, at the briefing of TSMC’s fourth quarter financial report, Chairman Zhang Zhongmou said that although the mobile business prospects this year are weak, the company’s revenue will still increase by 10%. —15%, one of the key factors is continued solid demand for chips from cryptocurrency mining.

Under the mining machine manufacturers, there is another power structure hidden. Canaan's 2017 prospectus revealed this secret. In the first four months of 2017, four of Canaan's top five customers were "individuals." According to public information, three of them are currencyThe famous "Wrist" in the circle.

The first largest customer, Wu Gang, was one of the earliest miners and later founded Haobtc, which owns one of the top ten mining pools in the world; the second largest customer, Lin Zhipeng, is the founder of Xiaoqiang Mining Machinery. It has been engaged in the production and sales of mining machines for a long time. It has always had a cooperative relationship with Xie Weiqin, its sixth largest customer; Wang Jin, its third largest customer, founded the currency circle information website Bitbang.

These big customers are not just miners, they all have their own influence in the currency circle. The mechanically operating mining machines not only bring them profits, but also bring them the right to speak.

According to a Bitmain insider, most of Bitmain’s big customers are big names in the cryptocurrency industry. However, Bitmain officially declined an interview with Southern Weekend reporters. The company’s public relations department responded that it was inconvenient to disclose this aspect due to the confidentiality agreement signed with its customers.

The wealth myth of “one coin, one villa” is still widely circulated in the currency circle, and new investors are constantly eager to try it. But in fact, from mining machine manufacturers to large mine owners to mining pools, this small circle has formed a stable power structure.

Most new entrants can only be harvested "leeks"

『Lu』 If BTC falls to 0, what impact will it have on the currency circle

If Bitcoin returns to zero, most projects in the currency circle will follow suit. This will be a huge impact; how many companies will go bankrupt? How many blockchain companies have transformed and developed? It is unimaginable that these harms will cause an increase in the number of unemployed people in the current society, and the impact of the current epidemic is not a small matter. Returning to zero means that no one in the world believes in Bitcoin, which means that the current total market value of 3.72 trillion yuan has evaporated! If Bitcoin returns to zero, all currencies in the currency circle will follow its lead and return to zero.

Of course many people may say that Bitcoin will not return to zero, so it is unnecessary to think about it. But what if the coins you bought yourself return to zero? And then buy? Then he was cut. Eventually, everyone will find themselves trapped in a vicious cycle. So what if everyone stops making leeks from today, and continues to draw nutrients and valuable things for themselves, and constantly improves their own heights. After a period of time, we may find that we are no longer harvested leeks. Therefore, in the currency circle, we must be an investor with logical thinking, rather than a speculator who blindly follows the trend.

『撒』 Can the price of Bitcoin be higher than the cost of mining for a long time?

Bitcoin’s mining rate is gradually rising. In the recent period, there are reports of Bitcoin Cash BCH hard points. Before and after the fork, Bitcoin’s hash rate difficulty dropped significantly from the previous weekly difficulty growth rate, around 4-5%. However, in the previous period when the computing rate and difficulty were low, the cost of Bitcoin mining was still quite low. For example, mining was profitable within the previous quarterly range of US$6,200-6,800. If there were large mining plants Or mining softwareThe previously lower-cost BTC can last for a long time.

It is unlikely that BTC will return to zero. After steady progress, there should be a relatively large rebound. It is currently rebounding slightly at US$4,000 and has already reached a bottom. There are signs, but it will take a few days to see if it can stick to the 4,000 mark. Because BTC is the veteran of virtual currencies, a forerunner, and a forerunner. All blockchain projects created by the latter are developed with reference to the technology of Bitcoin. BTC has become digital gold now or in the future. So do you think gold will be worthless? Obviously it is not easy. In fact, something is often valuable. It is the common knowledge and consensus of many people that gives it value. As the legality of securities-based blockchain becomes more and more obvious, the U.S. SEC has approved 39 leading securities token companies. BTC does not have, and there is no actual business process behind it, it has no value.

『8』 What is the main reason behind the sharp drop in Bitcoin?

The sharp drop in Bitcoin prices will affect the stock market, funds that buy Bitcoin and blockchain-related funds. Sectors will all fall due to the sharp drop in Bitcoin prices.

With the continuous development of science and technology, emerging industries continue to emerge. Bitcoin, as an emerging industry, has attracted the attention of many people. Bitcoin has increased tens of thousands of times in more than ten years, which makes many people feel incredible. Bitcoin has also become a symbol of wealth in everyone's mind. A sharp drop in the price of Bitcoin will have an impact on the stock market. In particular, Bitcoin funds and blockchain technology, which are relatively closely related to Bitcoin, will be greatly affected. If Bitcoin falls sharply, they will also plummet, causing investors to loss.

『九』 What will be the impact of a sharp decline in Bitcoin’s computing power?

1. Low-cost coins may increase selling pressure in the market

Especially for the large-scale launch of 7nm mining machines, the mining cost is around 26,000 yuan. For miners, there is still a large profit margin. Due to the daily needs of operating and maintaining the mine, there must be some Selling pressure and a decrease in computing power will actually reduce the number of coins flowing in the market.

2. In order to sell new mining machines, mining machine manufacturers may suppress currency prices and eliminate old mining machines, thereby increasing sales of new mining machines

The above one Take the mainstream old mining machine Ant S9 as an example. When the computing power increases to 100EH/S, as long as the currency price reaches about 7,000 US dollars, the old mining machines above Ant S9 will be eliminated. As long as this currency price maintains about 2 months, It will force mines and miners to sell out their old mining machines and buy new mining machines with high computing power.

3. The current market is generally optimistic about the halving market. In order to reduce the resistance to the decline, it is very likely to experience a downward wave

In order to reduce the main force of the halving decline, the market has It is more likely to experience a downward trend, with mines and miners trying to lock in mining.It is more likely that hedging measures will be taken to reduce the income from mining. To some extent, it will increase the downward resistance of the market and increase the upward risk.

In other words, the decline in computing power is due to the decline in currency prices and the commissioning of 7nm mining machines. Stimulated by the increase in profit margins, the market purchased a large number of new mining machines and invested in mining. mine, resulting in a decline in Bitcoin’s computing power.

As we all know, the sharp increase in computing power is the result of the increase in currency prices, not the cause of the increase in currency prices. On the contrary, the rapid increase in computing power caused by the commissioning of large computing power mining machines has increased the selling pressure on Bitcoin and increased the downside risk.

Will the decline in Bitcoin’s computing power affect the price?

First of all, if the price of BTC can be maintained, the profits of miners who are still mining will increase, and the increase will be more than 15%. To give a simple example, if the electricity cost of miners was 10 yuan before , 20 yuan of coins can be mined, and the profit is 10 yuan. After the difficulty is reduced, 15% more coins can be mined, which is 23 yuan. If the electricity cost remains unchanged, the profit is 13 yuan, and the profit has increased by 30%. Some time ago, some big names in the currency circle said that mining farms and some miners may be on the fence because the price of BTC is about to fall below their shutdown price. Now, looking at it, due to rising profits, their bottom line may be lowered. In the short term, the price of Bitcoin The price may be a negative, but there are many factors that affect the price of BTC, and we can wait and see.

What does the decline in Bitcoin’s computing power mean? The above is the relevant content about what the decline in Bitcoin’s computing power means. In fact, the computing power of mining Bitcoin is essentially constantly being solved. This can ensure that the longest chain has the largest workload of the entire network and will not be changed. In this way, the Bitcoin system is solid and cannot be attacked. In other words, Bitcoin computing power is to maintain the security of the Bitcoin network, so Bitcoin computing power is very important to Bitcoin. , and for miners, Bitcoin computing power is also extremely important. After all, changes in Bitcoin computing power directly affect the difficulty of mining by miners.

Whether Bitcoin mining is profitable or not, there are 5 very key data that will affect it: Bitcoin price, computing power, electricity cost, network-wide mining difficulty, and mining machine cost price. The following four factors influence each other and may ultimately have an impact on the price of BTC.

On April 6, a paper titled "Policy Assessment of Carbon Emissions and Sustainability of Bitcoin Blockchain Operations in China" was published in "Nature Communications", from China This paper by scholars from the Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University has attracted the attention of Chinese and even overseas media. Under the country's "dual control" goal, thermal power mines in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other places were forced to cease operations. After the regulatory requirements for Bitcoin mining were issued, the computing power of the entire Bitcoin network recently plummeted by 20%.

Then BitcoinWhat impact will the network's computing power plummet have on the majority of miners? First of all, we need to explain here what mining difficulty adjustment is. When Satoshi Nakamoto invented Bitcoin, he wrote the logic of difficulty adjustment in the code, and it happened independently and automatically in each full node. The logic is: Bitcoin mines a block approximately every 10 minutes, and adjusts it every 2016 blocks. Under normal circumstances, the difficulty will be adjusted every 14 days or so. The mining difficulty is based on the entire Bitcoin price of the previous cycle. It is adjusted according to the computing power of the entire network, so the difficulty is related to the computing power of the entire network, and there is a certain degree of lag in time. In summary, the adjustment of mining difficulty is to adjust the speed of producing blocks (Bitcoin). The higher the difficulty, the slower the blocks will be produced, and the lower the difficulty, the faster the blocks will be produced.

As can be seen from the above figure, the mining difficulty is predicted to drop to 21.86T on May 30. It is not difficult to guess that there are two obvious reasons for the recent difficulty drop: 1. National supervision Take action to rectify the virtual currency mines in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other places. The shutdown of the mines has caused the computing power of the entire network to decline. 2. The price of BTC has fallen sharply, resulting in old mining machines no longer making money. The shutdown of these mining machines will lead to a decrease in the computing power of the entire network.

So what is the relationship between the computing power of the entire network and the difficulty of mining? There is a logic here. The decline in the computing power of the entire network means that there are fewer people mining. The result is that the speed of block production is accelerated, which means that the mining difficulty decreases. So can we understand this: the computing power of the entire network has decreased, resulting in a decrease in mining difficulty, making it easier for miners to mine Bitcoin?

It’s better to dig, and the money has been earned by others

『Shi』The currency circle collapsed, where will the future of the currency circle go?

The currency circle collapsed, The currency circle will return to normalcy in the future, and there will be no particularly inflated prices.

When inflation increased and people were worried about economic development, Bitcoin came into being. It was born to compete with the existing monetary system. Although there are many loopholes and problems in the development of Bitcoin, this new thing has provided us with great inspiration to reflect on the existing monetary system. Of course, the emergence of every new thing is always accompanied by advantages and disadvantages, which not only inspire us, but also bring many problems to society, such as money laundering, tax evasion and many other legal issues using Bitcoin. We'll just try to fix these issues to make the new Bitcoin thing better for us.

Investors who invest in Bitcoin mining machines should understand their production principles and distinguish whether platforms that can conduct Bitcoin transactions are normal. Any violation of the Bitcoin rules generated based on real Bitcoin mining algorithms is false advertising. Investments should be prudent, and staying rational and sober is the key.